Establish a Global Pathogen Surveillance Initiative (GPSI) combining three components: (1) Decentralized Sequencing Network: Fund 500 regional sequencing labs across Africa, South Asia, Southeast Asia, and Latin America — bringing sequencing capacity to the locations where novel pathogens are most likely to emerge.

Each lab equipped with nanopore sequencing technology (now cost-effective at <$10K per setup) and trained staff. Connect via open-access sequencing platforms (ONT's EPI2ME or equivalent) that allow any lab to upload sequences and get real-time variant calling and surveillance alerts.

(2) Real-Time Reporting Protocol: Binding international agreement requiring all countries to report sequences of any novel pathogen to GPSI within 48 hours of sequencing — with transparent, real-time data access to all signatories. Modeled on the EWRS (Early Warning and Response System) in Europe but global and more stringent.

(3) Equitable Data Governance: Genetic data from low-income countries countries belongs to those countries — any commercial development based on sequences triggers royalty-sharing to the source country. g. H5N1 sequencing negotiations between Indonesia and WHO).