Establish the Essential Biotech Commons (EBC) — a patent pool and open licensing mechanism for biotechnologies deemed essential for food security or public health, modeled on the Medicines Patent Pool but covering both agricultural and medical biotech.

5-3% of LMIC sales, nil for least developed countries); (3) Open license platform — LMIC researchers and manufacturers access pool licenses through a standardized, low-cost process (annual fee of $500 for research use, $2,000-10,000 for commercial use in LMICs); (4) Technology transfer requirement — licenses include obligation on original patent holder to provide minimum technical assistance.

Scope: 500 agricultural biotech tools and 300 medical biotech patents designated essential in Year