Document the structural mechanisms by which supply chain opacity enables labor violations across apparel, electronics, and agricultural commodity sectors

Multi-source triangulation: cross-reference trade flow data with on-ground labor investigations; map supply chain tiers against documented violation rates; identify opacity correlation with labor violation frequency

Supply chain opacity is structural and intentional. Average apparel supply chain has 4-7 tiers; final brand has direct knowledge of <2 tiers. Labor violations are 3x more common in tier 3-4 suppliers than tier